Bresse (French pronunciation: [bʁɛs] (listen)) is a former French province. It is located in the regions of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté of eastern France. The geographical term Bresse has two meanings: Bresse bourguignonne (or louhannaise), which is situated in the east of the department of Saône-et-Loire, and Bresse, which is located in the department of Ain. The corresponding adjective is bressan, and the inhabitants are Bressans.

Bresse extends from the Dombes on the south to the river Doubs on the north, and from the Saône eastwards to the Jura mountains, measuring some 60 miles (97 km) in the former, and 20 miles (32 km) in the latter direction. It is a plain varying from 600–800 feet (180–240 m) above the sea, with few eminences and a slight inclination westwards. Heaths and coppice alternate with pastures and arable land; pools and marshes are numerous, especially in the north. Its chief rivers are the Veyle, the Reyssouzeand the Seille, all tributaries of the Saône. The soil is a gravelly clay but moderately fertile, and cattle-raising is largely carried on. The region is, however, more especially celebrated for its table poultry.